Perioperative anaphylaxis poses a special challenge due to its unique condition with the additive effects of surgery and anesthesia, which tends to be more difficult to recognize, diagnose, and manage, resulting in potentially fatal outcomes. Appropriate prevention and treatment benefits patients and reduces mortality and morbidity. Significant body temperature changes occur during anaphylaxis and/or anesthesia, which correlates with the outcomes. During the perioperative period, body temperature and anaphylaxis bidirectionally interact with each other, and anaphylaxis is generally deteriorated by hypothermia, which is usually required in cardiac surgeries. Perioperative factors, such as surgery and anesthesia, affect body temperature and anaphylaxis. The complicated role of body temperature and its application in the diagnosis of perioperative anaphylaxis and prediction of the outcomes are still unclear. To date, a profile of body temperature change during perioperative anaphylaxis is lacking, which requires further study. This literature review was conducted with updated data on perioperative anaphylaxis from the perspective of temperature as a component aiming to bring attention to and offer some cues for improving perioperative prevention and management for perioperative medical teams.

Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/08941939.2021.1922553 .