Prognostication of newly diagnosed colorectal cancer (CRC) predominantly relies on stage
as defined by the UICC-TNM and American Joint Committee on Cancer classifications.
Tumour extent, lymph node status, tumour grade and the assessment of lymphatic and
venous invasion are still the most important morphological prognostic factors. Evidence
suggests that tumour budding and tumour border configuration are important, additional
histological parameters but are not regarded as essential in prognosis. Although several …

The anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (anti-EGFR) monoclonal antibodies cetuximab
and panitumumab have been demonstrated to be new therapeutic options for metastatic
colorectal cancer (mCRC). Oncogenic activation of intracellular signalling pathways
downstream of EGFR has a major role in colorectal carcinogenesis but has also been
reported to be an important mechanism of resistance to anti-EGFR antibodies. Among the
activating mutations found in colorectal cancers, tumour KRAS mutations, which are found …